ATTICA, Athens. Circa 165-42 BC. AR Tetradrachm (29.5mm, 16.64 g, 12h). New Style coinage. Zoilos, Euandros, and Zoilos, magistrates.

Description

Ancient Greek Owl AR Tetradrachm

**Region:** Attica, Athens

**Date:** Circa 165-42 BC

**Specifications:**

– Diameter: 29.5 mm

– Weight: 16.64 g

– Die Axis: 12h

**Description:**

– **Obverse:** Helmeted head of Athena facing right.

– **Reverse:** Owl standing right, head facing, perched on an amphora. The names of the magistrates Zoilos, Euandros, and Zoilos appear in the fields. A bee is seen to the right, with an “0” on the amphora and “ME” below, all encircled by a wreath.

**References:**

– Thompson 716c (same dies)

– HGC 4, 1602

– Weber 3518 (same dies)

**Condition:** Iridescent tone with light scratches in the field. Overall graded as Very Fine (VF).

**Historical Context:**

The New Style tetradrachms, struck in Athens between 165-42 BC, represent a significant evolution in Greek coinage. Unlike the earlier “old style” tetradrachms, these coins featured more elaborate designs and inscriptions, reflecting a period of renewed artistic endeavor and economic stability in Athens.

**Athena and the Owl:**

– **Athena**: The helmeted head of Athena on the obverse symbolizes the goddess of wisdom, war, and protector of Athens. Athena was a central figure in Athenian culture, embodying the city’s values and strategic prowess.

– **Owl**: The owl on the reverse is a symbol of wisdom and a sacred creature to Athena. It also represents vigilance and is a nod to the city’s patron goddess. The amphora and the wreath further signify the prosperity and religious traditions of Athens.

**Magistrates’ Names:**

The presence of the magistrates’ names, Zoilos, Euandros, and Zoilos, indicates the officials responsible for the minting of this coin. This practice was part of the administrative and political system of Athens, showcasing the governance and civic pride of the city.

**Significance of New Style Coinage:**

The New Style coinage is particularly notable for its artistic quality and its role in facilitating extensive trade throughout the Mediterranean. These coins were widely circulated, indicating Athens’ economic influence and the interconnectedness of ancient Mediterranean economies.