Constantine VI & Irene, with Leo Ill, Constantine V, and Leo IV. 780-797. AV Solidus

Description

Byzantine Empire: Constantine VI & Irene with Leo III, Constantine V, and Leo IV

Mint: Constantinople
Date: 780-790 AD
Denomination: AV Solidus
Diameter: 19.5mm
Weight: 4.41 g
Axis: 6h
Condition: Near Extremely Fine (Near EF), toned and lustrous

Obverse:

• Design: The obverse of this solidus features the crowned and facing busts of Constantine VI and his mother, Irene. Constantine VI is depicted wearing a chlamys and holding a globus cruciger, a symbol of Christian authority. Irene is shown wearing a loros, holding a globus cruciger in one hand and a cruciform scepter in the other, with a cross above and a dot between them. This dual portrait emphasizes the co-rulership of mother and son during this period.

Reverse:

• Design: The reverse presents the seated, facing busts of three Byzantine emperors: Constantine V, Leo III, and Leo IV. Each figure is adorned with a crown and chlamys, symbolizing their imperial dignity. This design pays homage to the continuity of the Isaurian dynasty, with Leo III being the founder, followed by Constantine V and Leo IV, and continuing with Constantine VI.

Historical Context: This solidus was struck during the joint reign of Constantine VI and his mother, Irene, who served as regent for her son after the death of her husband, Leo IV. Irene was a powerful and influential figure, effectively ruling the empire even after Constantine VI reached maturity. The inclusion of past emperors on the reverse serves to reinforce the legitimacy of their rule, linking them to the esteemed lineage of the Isaurian dynasty.

This period in Byzantine history was marked by political intrigue and power struggles, culminating in Irene eventually deposing her son in 797 AD to rule as the first empress regnant of the Byzantine Empire. The coin thus represents a significant era of transition and the complex dynamics of imperial power.

Significance: The solidus is a key piece of Byzantine numismatic history, reflecting the dual authority of Irene and Constantine VI and their connection to the illustrious rulers of the Isaurian dynasty. Its well-preserved state, with toning and luster, adds to its historical and aesthetic appeal, making it a valuable piece for collectors and scholars alike.

Conclusion: This AV Solidus of Constantine VI and Irene, with its intricate designs and deep historical significance, offers a unique insight into the Byzantine Empire’s political landscape during the late 8th century. The coin’s high quality and near EF condition enhance its desirability, marking it as a significant addition to any collection of Byzantine coinage.

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