SICILY, Syracuse. 450-440 BC. AR Tetradrachm (28mm, 17.13 gm) NGC

Description

Sicily, Syracuse Tetradrachm

Date: 450-440 BC
Weight: 17.13 g
Diameter: 28 mm
NGC Grading: Choice VF (Very Fine)

Obverse:

• Design: Charioteer driving a quadriga (four-horse chariot) to the right; above, Nike (the goddess of victory) flying to the right, crowning the horses. In the exergue (the space on the coin below the main design), there is a depiction of a ketos (sea monster) facing right.
• Details: The quadriga represents strength, speed, and competitive spirit, common themes in Greek coinage and culture. Nike crowning the horses symbolizes victory and success, likely referring to Syracuse’s achievements in chariot races or warfare. The ketos adds a mythical element, linking the coin to Greek mythology and maritime prowess.

Reverse:

• Design: Diademed head of Arethousa facing right, surrounded by four dolphins swimming around her.
• Details: Arethousa, a nymph associated with fresh water, especially the spring in Ortygia near Syracuse, is depicted with a serene and classical beauty. The dolphins signify the city’s close relationship with the sea and its naval power.

Historical Context:

Syracuse in the 5th Century BC:

• Political and Economic Power: During this period, Syracuse was one of the most powerful city-states in the Greek world. Its wealth and influence were reflected in its high-quality coinage, which was widely recognized and respected.
• Cultural Flourishing: Syracuse was a cultural hub, attracting artists, philosophers, and writers. This tetradrachm is a testament to the city’s artistic achievements, showcasing intricate designs and high craftsmanship.

Significance of the Imagery:

• Charioteer and Quadriga: The depiction of a charioteer driving a quadriga is emblematic of both athletic prowess and military strength. Chariot racing was a popular sport in ancient Greece, and victories in these races brought great honor to the city.
• Nike Crowning the Horses: Nike’s presence emphasizes the theme of victory and divine favor. Crowning the horses implies success in competitions, possibly reflecting Syracuse’s victories in Panhellenic games or military triumphs.
• Arethousa and Dolphins: Arethousa’s portrayal connects the coin to local mythology and natural resources, emphasizing Syracuse’s connection to fresh water sources and the sea. Dolphins, often seen as protectors of sailors, highlight Syracuse’s naval importance and maritime activities.

Provenance and Authenticity:

• Toning: The coin’s toning indicates its age and authenticity. Toning occurs over time as the metal reacts with elements in the environment, creating a patina that collectors often find desirable.
• NGC Choice VF Grade: This grade suggests that the coin is in very fine condition, with moderate wear on the highest points but retaining most of its details and aesthetic appeal.

For further information, please call 212 3191077.