Byzantine Empire. Heraclius, with Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas (610-641). AV Solidus.

Description

Byzantine Empire: Heraclius with Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas (610-641 AD) – AV Solidus

Period: Dated Year 12 (638/9 AD)
Mint: Constantinople, Fifth Officina
Weight: 4.37 g
Condition: Good Very Fine (GVF)

Obverse:

• Design: The obverse features crowned, facing figures of Emperor Heraclius flanked by his two sons, Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas. Each figure is holding a globus cruciger, a symbol of Christian authority and dominion. The presence of all three figures highlights the co-rulership and the importance of dynastic continuity in the Byzantine Empire.

Reverse:

• Design: The reverse shows a cross potent set on three steps, a common Christian symbol during the Byzantine period, signifying the power of the cross over the world. To the left of the cross is a monogram, and to the right is the date “IB” (12 in Greek numerals), indicating the 12th regnal year of Heraclius. The legend ends with the letter “E,” and “CONOB” in the exergue indicates the coin was struck in Constantinople.

Graffito and Marks:

• The coin bears a graffito “H” in the right obverse field, which may have been added by a previous owner or as a mark for identification. Light die scratches are visible on the reverse, but these do not detract significantly from the coin’s overall appeal.

Provenance:

• Ex CNG Sale 91, September 19, 2012, lot 1034.

Historical Context: This solidus was minted during the reign of Heraclius, a period of significant military and religious transformation in the Byzantine Empire. Heraclius is best known for his military campaigns against the Sassanian Empire, as well as his efforts to reclaim lost territories. The depiction of his sons, Heraclius Constantine and Heraclonas, on the obverse underscores the emperor’s focus on securing his dynasty.

Heraclius also introduced Greek as the official language of the empire, replacing Latin, which marked a turning point in Byzantine cultural history. The cross potent on the reverse symbolizes the triumph of Christianity, a theme that was central to Heraclius’s reign, especially following his victories over the Persians and the retrieval of the True Cross.

Significance: The solidus is a key representation of Byzantine imperial ideology, combining religious symbolism with a clear statement of dynastic legitimacy. The coin is a testament to Heraclius’s efforts to reinforce his authority and establish a lasting legacy for his successors.

Conclusion: This AV Solidus is a remarkable artifact from the Byzantine Empire, reflecting the religious and dynastic policies of Emperor Heraclius. With its strong historical context and the presence of all three rulers, it offers a unique insight into the empire’s leadership during a crucial period of its history.

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